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Kaliningrad Oblast surrounded by European Union member countries is important Russian commercial center with ice-free port on Baltic Sea, yet not geographically connected to Russian territory. ...

Kaliningrad Oblast until 1945 known by its German name Königsberg is a formerly capital

 of East Prussia. Today, the city of Kaliningrad is introduced as the capital of Kaliningrad Oblast.  The name of the city was changed from Königsberg to Kaliningrad in honor of the Soviet leader M. I. Kalinin in 1946.

The city of Kaliningrad was found as a fortress by the Teutonic Knights in 1255. From 1457 to 1525 it was the official seat of the grand master of the Teutonic Knights, and from 1525 to 1619 it was the residence of the Dukes of Prussia. Frederick I was crowned as the first King of Prussia in the chapel of the Schloss in 1701.

During First World War (1914-1918) the Kaliningrad city was the room for fights between the Germans and the Russians soldiers. Following the war it was made the capital of the German province of East Prussia. Kaliningrad city was heavily damaged during Second World War (1945-1945). 

Kaliningrad was occupied by Red Army in 1945, and according to the agreement between the Allies at the Potsdam Conference the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) has annexed the city and its surrounding territory.

Today, there is some debate about giving the Kaliningrad city its old name back, as has happened in several Russian cities like St. Petersburg and Tver, which were known as Leningrad and Kalinin, respectively, during much of the Soviet time period. However, the continued use of "Kaliningrad", at least for the next few years, seems certain. "Kenig" (shortened Russian form of "Königsberg") is often used in advertisements for tourism companies in this region.

Kaliningrad Oblast Photos